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By analyzing the relationship between silica gel and silicone rubber, we know that silica gel can refer to the condensate of silicon dioxide, or it can broadly refer to organic and inorganic silica gel. In the following, when we mention "silica gel", we only equate it to the condensate of silicon dioxide. Silica gel was invented in 1919 by Walter A. Patrick, a chemistry professor at Johns Hopkins University in the United States. During World War I, it was used as an absorbent in gas masks. When mentioning silica gel, we often hear a word called "silicone". Many times, "silicone" is called silica gel, but what exactly is "silicone"?

Silicone resin, also known as silicone or silicon (polymerized siloxanes or polysiloxanes, commonly known as silicone), is a polymer between organic and inorganic substances, with the chemical formula [R2SiO]n, where R = methyl, ethyl, and phenyl. These materials consist of an inorganic siloxane backbone (...-Si-O-Si-O-Si-O-...) and branched organic groups covalently bonded to silicon atoms. In some cases, organic branches can connect two or more inorganic siloxane backbones. By controlling the length of the backbone, the type of organic group, and the crosslinking of the backbone, silicone resins with different properties and compositions can be obtained. Its consistency is variable, ranging from liquid to gel, rubber, and hard plastic. The most common type is linear polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS, a silicone oil).

After reading the explanation of silicone resin, many people will find that the structure of silicone resin is very similar to the "silicone rubber" we usually talk about. It seems that silicone resin and silicone rubber must be related!

Organosilicon, the formal name is polysiloxane resin. It is a thermosetting resin whose main chain is composed of alternating silicon and oxygen atoms, and the silicon atoms have organic group branches. It is the earliest organosilicon product. In polysiloxane molecules, the ratio of organic substituents (R) to silicon atoms (Si) is an important parameter that determines the product form. When R/Si < 2, the product is organosilicon resin; when R/Si ≈ 2, it is a highly viscous plastic raw rubber, namely silicone rubber; when R/Si > 2, it is a low-molecular-weight oily substance, called silicone oil.

Let's summarize the above relationships:

The Chinese translation of polymerized siloxanes is polysiloxane resin, which means that the silicone resin mentioned earlier is a shortened form of polysiloxane resin.

Among the six terms mentioned above: silicone, silicone resin, silicone rubber, polysiloxane resin, silicone oil, and organosilicon resin, polysiloxane resin has the highest status, and the other five terms are all included in it.

Polysiloxane resin includes "silicone rubber", and sometimes it can also be used as a professional term for "silicone rubber". Silicone resin is a general term, but it can also be used as a narrow single-category term. When R/Si < 2, it is also called silicone resin.

Silicone is completely equivalent to silicone rubber, only the name is different. Silicone and silicone rubber can both be called broad "silica gel", but they are not silica gel.

After drawing the above four conclusions, let's finally look at a few English words:

Silica gel refers to narrow "silica gel", the condensate of silicon dioxide;

Silicone, which is silicone rubber, silicone resin. The English name of silicone resin (Silicone) is derived from ketone (Ketone).

Silicon refers to the substance silicon, and also to the element silicon.

Silicon rubber. Basically equivalent to silicone.

Silicone rubber and Silicon rubber have the same meaning, but are used less frequently.

Welcome to correct any omissions above.